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Trees Questions

Home > Technical Aptitude > Data Structures > Trees > General Questions
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Cartesian trees are most suitable for?


Asearching

Bfinding nth element

Cminimum range query and lowest common ancestors

Dself balancing a tree

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

In a cartesian tree minimum value can be found by finding lowest common ancestor for the extreme elements. consider 11,9,19,16 the lowest element is 9 and is a lowest common ancestor for 11 and 16. and by applying few techniques cartesian tree can be used to even find lowest common ancestors efficiently.
these can be done in constant time. tree can be constructed in linear time (this is the most efficient time for any tree construction) and takes space as many elements are there.

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Balanced binary tree with n items allows the lookup of an item in ____ worst-case time.


AO(log n)

BO(nlog 2)

CO(n)

DO(1)

Answer: Option A

Explanation:

Searching an item in balanced binary is fast and worst-case time complexity of the search is O(log n).

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What are the applications of weight balanced tree?


Adynamic sets, dictionaries, sequences, maps

Bheaps

Csorting

Dstoring strings

Answer: Option A

Explanation:

They are a type of self balancing trees which are mostly used in storing key-value pairs, which is mostly used in functional programming languages. they are very useful to maintain big set of ordered objects.

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How many orders of traversal are applicable to a binary tree (In General)?


A1

B4

C2

D3

Answer: Option D

Explanation:

The three orders of traversal that can be applied to a binary tree are in-order, pre-order and post order traversal.

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What is the average running time of a treap?


AO(N)

BO(N log N)

CO(log N)

DO(M log N)

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

The average case and worst case analysis of a treap are mathematically found to be O(log N).

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For the tree below, write the post-order traversal.

pre-trav-2


A2, 7, 2, 6, 5, 11, 5, 9, 4

B2, 7, 5, 2, 6, 9, 5, 11, 4

C2, 5, 11, 6, 7, 4, 9, 5, 2

D2, 7, 5, 6, 11, 2, 5, 4, 9

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

Post order traversal follows LRN(Left-Right-Node).

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Which of the below diagram is following AVL tree property?

avl-4


Aonly i

Bboth i and ii

Conly ii

Di is not a binary search tree

Answer: Option B

Explanation:

The property of AVL tree is it is height balanced tree with difference of atmost 1 between left and right subtrees. All AVL trees are binary search tree.

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Which of the following is incorrect with respect to binary trees?


ALet T be a binary tree. For every k ≥ 0, there are no more than 2k nodes in level k

BLet T be a binary tree with λ levels. Then T has no more than 2λ – 1 nodes

CLet T be a binary tree with N nodes. Then the number of levels is at least ceil(log (N + 1))

DLet T be a binary tree with N nodes. Then the number of levels is at least floor(log (N + 1))

Answer: Option D

Explanation:

In a binary tree, there are atmost 2k nodes in level k and 2k-1 total number of nodes. Number of levels is at least ceil(log(N+1)).

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Consider a situation of writing a binary tree into a file with memory storage efficiency in mind, is array representation of tree is good?


Ayes because we are overcoming the need of pointers and so space efficiency

Byes because array values are indexable

CNo it is not efficient in case of sparse trees and remaning cases it is fine

DNo linked list representation of tree is only fine

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

In case of sparse trees (where one node per level in worst cases), the array size (2h)-1 where h is height but only h indexes will be filled and (2h)-1-h nodes will be left unused leading to space wastage.

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Which of the following data structures can be efficiently implemented using height balanced binary search tree?


Asets

Bpriority queue

Cheap

Dboth sets and priority queue

Answer: Option D

Explanation:

Height-Balanced binary search tree can provide an efficient implementation of sets, priority queues.

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