11. Directions (11-15): In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.DRIP: GUSH
Answer: DENT : DESTROY
Explanation:Denting is minor damage and destroying is major; dripping is minor liquid flow and gushing is major. Cry and laugh (A) are antonyms. Curl and roll (B), stream and tributary (C), and bend and angle (E) are all pairs of synonyms.
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12. WALK : LEGS
Answer: CHEW : MOUTH
Explanation:Walking is a movement of the legs and chewing is a movement of the mouth. Eyes may gleam (A), but this is not a movement. Dress (C) is a whole, of which hem is part; Cover (D) is part of the whole, book. There is an expression, "Keep your nose to the grindstone;" but grind is not a movement of/upon the nose (E).
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13. ENFRANCHISE : SLAVERY
Answer: LIBERATE : CONFINE
Explanation:Enfranchise is to set free/liberate, and slavery is the opposite-i.e. to enslave/confine. Both sets are antonyms. Equation is part of mathematics (A). Bondage and subjugation (C) are synonyms (for each other and slavery). Appeasement and unreasonable (D) are unrelated. Anatomy and physiology (E) are related subjects.
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14. UNION JACK : VEXILLOLOGY
Answer: GYMNOSPERMS : BOTANY
Explanation:The Union Jack (British flag) is part of vexillology, the study of flags; gymnosperms are part of botany, the study of plants. Toad is not part of ornithology (A), the study of birds. Turtle is not part of microbiology (B), the study of microscopic organisms. Friend is not part of home economics (D), the study of cooking, sewing, and other home skills. Algae, plants, are not part of zoology (E), the study of animals.
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15. TOPAZ : YELLOW
Answer: AMETHYST : PURPLE
Explanation:Topazes are yellow and amethysts are purple. Carats (A) are measures of the weight of diamonds, not their color. Jewelers (B) inspect gems for clarity, a quality other than color. Sapphires (C) are blue, not red. Amber and blue (E) are two different colors; neither is a gem.
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16. The 16th century was an age of great ______ exploration.
Answer: land
Explanation:"Terrestrial" means land. No choice here offers a synonym for "marine," e.g. nautical/naval/water/seagoing, and no other choices match either marine or terrestrial.
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17. Magellan lost the favor of the king of Portugal when he became involved in a political ________.
Answer: entanglement
Explanation:"Quagmire" means literally a bog or marsh, and figuratively an involved situation difficult to escape; entanglement is a synonym, more specifically similar than the other choices.
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18. The Pope divided New World lands between Spain and Portugal according to their location on one side or the other of an imaginary geographical line 50 degrees west of Greenwich that extends in a _________ direction.
Answer: north and south
Explanation:Longitudes are imaginary geographical lines running north and south. Latitudes run east and west. The other choices do not equal either latitude or longitude in direction.
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19. One of Magellan's ships explored the _________ of South America for a passage across the continent.
Answer: physical features
Explanation:Topography means the physical features of a land mass. It does not mean coastline (A), mountain range (B), or islands (D).
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20. Four of the ships sought a passage along a southern ______.
Answer: body of land with water on three sides
Explanation:A peninsula is a piece of land connected to the mainland by an isthmus and projecting into the ocean such that it is surrounded on three sides by water. A peninsula is not a coast (A); it is not found inland (B); and it is not a border (D).
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