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12. How you detect dedlock, If you found, how you prevent it.

Answer:

Deadlock is a situation where a set of processes are blocked because each process is holding a resource and waiting for another resource acquired by some other process.

deadlock









Deadlock can arise if following four conditions hold simultaneously (Necessary Conditions) 
Mutual Exclusion: One or more than one resources are non-sharable (Only one process can use at a time)
Hold and Wait: A process is holding at least one resource and waiting for resources.
No Preemption: A resource cannot be taken from a process unless the process releases the resource.
Circular Wait: A set of processes are waiting for each other in circular form.



Methods for handling deadlock
There are three ways to handle deadlock
1) Deadlock prevention or avoidance: The idea is to not let the system into the deadlock state.


2) Deadlock detection and recovery: Let deadlock occur, then do preemption to handle it once occurred.

3) Ignore the problem altogether: If the deadlock is very rare, then let it happen and reboot the system. This is the approach that both Windows and UNIX take.


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