Pollution and its effects
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Pollution harms the Earth's environment and its people in many ways. Presence of matter ( gas, liquid, solid) or energy(heat, noise, radiation) whose nature , location, or quantity directly or individually alters characteristics or processes of any part of the environment and causes damage to the condition, health, safety, or welfare of animals, humans,plants or property.
The atmosphere is a complex dynamic natural gaseous system, that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Air is the ocean we breathe. air supplies us with oxygen which is essential for our bodies to live. Human activities can release substances into the air some of which can cause problems for environment. There are several effects, which include smog, acid rain, the green house effect, and " holes" into the ozone layer. each of these problems have serious implications for our health and well-being as well as for the whole environment.
Water population is the introduction of chemical , biological and physical matter into large bodies of water that degrade the quantity of life that lives in it and consumes it. water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water, and in almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species but also to the natural biological communities. Water pollution is a major problem in Global content. It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases , and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14000 people daily. An estimates 700 million Indians have no access to a proper toilets, and many children die of diarrhea sickness everyday. Problems of water pollution in developing countries , industrialized countries continue to struggle with pollution problems as well. Over 73 different kinds of pesticides have been found in the ground water that we eventually use to drink.
Noise pollution is displeasing human, animal, or machine created sound that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life. The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is mainly construction and transportation systems, including motor vehicles noise, aircraft noise and rail noise. Playing of loud speakers during festivals, meetings etc is a major cause of noise pollution in India. The invention of supersonic s aircraft's has added more noise. This effect in emotional or psychological irritability, anxiety, stress and migrane. Lack of concentration and mental fatigue are significant health effects. Inter fences with normal auditory communication, it may mask auditory warning signals and hence increases the rate of accidents especially in industries. Physical damage to the ear and the temporary threshold shift. People suffering from this condition will be unable to defect weak sounds. Many soldiers working in wars, borders have these problems. Weapons emit high levels of noise, many emit sounds that exceed the maximum achievable protection that double hearing protection can offer. Injury from noise can occur in two ways. High level short duration exposure and long term exposure.
Water pollution is the introduction of chemical, biological and physical matter into large bodies of water that degrade the quality of life that lives in it and consumes it. Oil spills, household chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers are the major sources of water pollution. The best way to prevent water pollution is to not throw trash and other harmful chemicals into our water bodies. With billions of people on the planet, disposing of sewage waste is a major problem. Sewage disposal affects people's immediate environments and leads to water related diseases such as diarrhea. Sewage is a completely natural substance that should be broken down harmlessly in the environment. When people are sick with viruses, the sewage they produce carries those viruses into the environment. It is possible to catch illnesses- such as hepatitis,typhoid, and cholera from river and sea water.
Not only sewage, chemical waste is a major problems, waste like detergents water, toxic from heavy metals, petroleum products from boats, ships, factory waste, paints on boats causes damage to sea and oceans and rivers. The fish are gradually toxicated. Human intake of fish leads t certain unknown diseases. Plastics are the most common substances that washes with the waves of seas. most plastics are non-biodegradable which means that plastic can survive in marine environment for long time. Plastics present a major hazard to sea birds , fish and other marine creatures.
There is much is being done to control , monitor and rectify damage done by pollutants. The problems are diverse and some are only being recognized but it is important to keep a close control over pollutants, so that we can maintain the environment in an acceptable condition for future generations.
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