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Ciena Interview Questions and Answers for 4 years Experience

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    1 / 20

    Introduce yourself.

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    2 / 20

    What will be the output.
    char *p = "ciena"
    char ar[] = "ciena"
    strlen(p);
    strlen (ar);
    strlen (&ar);

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    Answer:
    5 5 5
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    3 / 20

    Write your own strlen() program.

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    Answer:

    #include<stdio.h>


    void strlength(char c[])

    {

       char *p=c;

      int count=0;

      while(*p!=NULL)

      {

        *p++;

        count++;

      }

    printf("%d",count);  

    }

    int main()

    {

      char c[]="prachi katarua";

       strlength(c);

      return 0;

    }

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    4 / 20

    How to find the nth node from last in single linklist.

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    Answer:
    void GetNthFromLast(struct node* head, int n)
    {
    int len = n, i;
    struct node *temp = *temp1 = head;

    while (temp != NULL)
    {
    if (len > 0)
    {
    temp = temp->next;
    len--;
    continue;
    }

    temp = temp->next;
    temp1 = temp1->next;
    }


    if (len)
    {
    printf("\r\n Node in the given Linked list is not enough \r\n");
    return;
    }

    printf ("%d\n", temp1->data);

    return;
    }
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    5 / 20

    Allocate the memory for 2 int*. and free it. Now I had question. How free will know how many byte memory has to free.

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    Answer:
    int *p;
    p = (int *) malloc(2 * sizeof (int));

    When memory allocation is done, the actual heap space allocated is one word larger than the requested memory. The extra word is used to store the size of the allocation and is later used by free( )
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    6 / 20

    what will be the output of the below line.
    int x = 100;
    printf("%d",!x);

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    Answer:
    0
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    7 / 20

    What will be the size of the below structure. explain why size will be this only.
    struct x
    {
    int p;
    struct x *y;
    char z;
    char *b;
    };

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    Answer:
    16
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    8 / 20

    What is difference in the below
    char *p = "ciena"
    char ar[] = "ciena"

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    Answer:
    Char Pointer p is pointing to char string which is stored in code segment so that it can not change due to read only memory location but in second statement char array is stored in stack segment which can be modified during run time.
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    9 / 20

    Is there any abnormality if no the what will be output.
    Sizeof (NULL)
    Strlen(NULL);
    sizeof(" ")

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    Answer:

    4, 0, 1

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    10 / 20

    ping Host A to host B, explain packet at each steps.
    Host A> ping Host B

    topology

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    11 / 20

    What is ARP. What is Ethertype of ARP and What is proxy ARP.

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    12 / 20

    What is vlan, what is untag and tag pkt.

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    13 / 20

    Explain the current project and your activities/role in it.

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    14 / 20

    What is static keyword.difference in below pgm and memory allocation of it.
    1. static int x;
    main()
    {
    printf x
    }

    2.
    fun()
    {
    static int x;
    }

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    15 / 20

    What is difference between process and thread, how communication happen between them. what is shared between them.

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    Answer:

    • Threads can directly communicate with other threads of its process; processes must use inter process communication to communicate with sibling processes.

    • Both process and threads are independent path of execution but one process can have multiple Threads.

    • Each process has its own code, data and kernel context (VM structures, descriptor table, etc). While the threads of a process, they share the same code, data and kernel context.

    • New threads are easily created. However the creation of new processes require duplication of the parent process.

    • Threads are created using clone() method. Process are created using fork() method.

    • Processes are heavily dependent on system resources available while threads require minimal amounts of resource, so a process is considered as heavyweight while a thread is termed as a lightweight process.

    • Context switch between the threads are not much time consuming. Context switch between the process is time consuming.

    • Processes never share the same memory. When a child process creates it duplicates the memory location of the parent process. Process communication is done by using pipe, shared memory, and message parsing.

    • Threads within the same process share the Memory(heap/global), but each thread has its own stack and registers, and threads store thread-specific data in the heap. Threads never execute independently, so the inter-thread communication is much faster when compared to inter-process communication.

      • each thread has its own stack, having its own stack allow to have its own execuation context.



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    16 / 20

    What is mutex. Can you write a program using same?

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    17 / 20

    What is semaphore, how it differ form mutex.

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    18 / 20

    What is volatile keyword.

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    19 / 20

    char *p = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char));
    P++;
    is there any abnormality in the above line.

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    Answer:
    no
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    20 / 20

    20. can we create thread like, is there any difference in A and B
    A) B)
    thread process
    | |
    thread thread
    | |
    Thread thread

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